The requirement that officers inform suspects of their constitutional rights originated from which court case?

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When someone is in custody and being questioned, police must inform them of their rights to protect against self-incrimination. This obligation comes from Miranda v. Arizona. In that 1966 decision, the Supreme Court ruled that statements obtained during custodial interrogation are inadmissible unless the suspect is warned of their Fifth Amendment rights—such as the right to remain silent and the right to an attorney—and a knowing, intelligent waiver is obtained. These warnings, known as the Miranda rights, must be given before interrogation begins; without them, the statements are typically excluded at trial. The other cases listed address different constitutional issues (desegregation, right to counsel in specific circumstances, and the exclusionary rule) and do not establish the requirement to inform suspects of their rights.